When a domain reaches its expiration date and is not renewed by the owner, it typically goes through a series of stages before becoming available for others to register. These stages often include a grace period and a redemption period, providing the domain owner with opportunities to renew the domain even after it has expired.

Here's a brief overview of the typical stages a domain goes through after expiration:

1. Expiration Date: This is the date when the domain registration expires, usually one year after the initial registration or the last renewal.

2. Grace Period: After the expiration date, most domain registrars offer a grace period during which the domain owner can still renew the domain without any additional fees. The length of the grace period varies depending on the registrar but is typically around 30 days. During this time, the domain may still resolve to the owner's website and continue to function normally.

3. Redemption Period: If the domain is not renewed during the grace period, it enters a redemption period. This period, which usually lasts around 30 days, allows the domain owner to redeem the domain by paying a redemption fee in addition to the regular renewal fee. During the redemption period, the domain is typically removed from the DNS (Domain Name System), and the website associated with it may no longer be accessible.

4. Pending Delete: If the domain is not redeemed during the redemption period, it enters a pending delete status, during which it is scheduled to be released for public registration. The duration of the pending delete period varies depending on the domain registry but is typically around 5 days.

5. Available for Registration: After the pending delete period, the domain becomes available for anyone to register on a first-come, first-served basis. At this point, the domain is no longer owned by the previous owner, and it can be registered by anyone who wishes to do so.

Domain owners need to be aware of their domain's expiration date and take action to renew it promptly to avoid the risk of losing ownership. Many domain registrars offer auto-renewal options to help prevent accidental expiration and ensure uninterrupted ownership of valuable domain names.